(Open GenScope with the human species file. Open the pedigree window. Click on the menu and choose blood type. Set options to 10 children.)

Welcome to the study of human blood types. There are four blood types, A, B, AB and O. AA and B are incompletely dominant to each other, but A and B are both dominant to O (O is recessive).

1. Create a female and name her Mary.
2. Create a male and name him Jim.
3. Click once on Mary. This will highlight her. Drag the highlighted square into the pedigree area and let it go. You should now have a circle showing Mary’s blood type in the pedigree area.
4. Do the same thing for Jim. You should now have a square showing Jim’s blood type.
5. Make Mary’s blood type O (hint: check her chromosomes with the chromosome tool. Find the correct chromosome and change the blood type on one or both chromosomes of the pair.)
6. Make Jim have type O blood also.
7. Use the cross tool to mate these humans. Drag this tool to Mary’s circle and click. Drag this tool to Jim’s square and click. This should run their pedigree.
8. Observe the blood types of their offspring. To check your results, you need to run 2 more pedigrees. In order to remove your 1st pedigree, you must use the scissors tool to cut the connecting line between Mary’s circle and Jim’s square. Now you can begin again using the cross tool to mate your humans.

Record the results of your 3 pedigree runs.

Questions:

1. Can Mary and Jim have children with type AB blood?
2. What are the possible blood types for their children?
3. What are the percentages for their children?

_________% O ________%A ________%B ________%AB

1. Use the scissors tool to cut the connecting lines between Mary’s circle and Jim’s square. You may save Mary & Jim by dragging them to the top of the pedigree area and clicking once. If you keep them as a pair, you can use them for future reference.
2. Make a new human female and name her Homo 1.
3. Make a new human male and name him Homo 2.
4. Make your female be homozygous for type B blood. (Hint: homozygous means to have the same alleles on both chromosomes)
5. Make your male be homozygous for type A blood.
6. Put your new female and new male into the pedigree area.
7. Use the cross tool to mate your female, Homo 1, and your male, Homo 2. Run their pedigree.
8. Record the blood types of their offspring.
9. Now run 2 more pedigrees for Homo 1 and Homo 1. Remember to use your scissors tool.

1. What are the possible blood types for the children of Homo 1 and Homo 2?
2. What are the percentages for the blood types of their children?

________% O _________ % A __________% B _________% AB

1. Save Homo 1 and Homo 2 by dragging them to the top of the pedigree area and clicking once. Don’t forget to cut their connecting line first.
2. Make a new human female and name her Hetero 1.
3. Make a new human male and name him Hetero 2.
4. Make your female heterozygous for type A blood. (Hint: heterozygous means to have a different allele on each chromosome of the pair).
5. Make your male heterozygous for type B blood.
6. Drag the new female and male into the pedigree area.
7. Use the cross tool to mate the female, Hetero 1, and the male, Hetero 2. Run their pedigree.
8. Record the blood types of their offspring.
9. Now run 2 more pedigrees for Hetero 1 and Hetero 2. Remember to use the scissors tool.

1. What are the possible blood types for the children of Hetero 1 and Hetero 2?
2. What are the percentages for the blood types of their children?

________% O _________ % A __________% B _________% AB

1. Save Hetero 1 and Hetero 2 as before.
2. Now create your own mating of possible blood types and run 3 pedigrees from their mating.

1. What blood types did you cross?
2. What are the possible blood types for the children of this mating?
3. What are the percentages for the blood types of their children?

________% O _________ % A __________% B _________% AB